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Strange Fruit: The Necroecology of Black Subsistence Farming

Erik Patton-Sharpe
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0:33 - My name is Ernest Lee Vines. I was born April 28, 1947 in Edgecombe county. And where we are sitting at right now, the old house back there, which is where I was born at, is still back there. 0:49 - And I always worked on the farm, but I had made my mind up that when I graduated I wanted to travel to places like from cities to cities. 0:54 - But when I got out of school, I traveled eight miles from Conetoe, North Carolina to Princeville, North Carolina and that’s where I met my wife. We got married back in 1975. We’ve been together since 1968. Her name is Roena Lloyd Vines. And I’m here— I’m here now (1:13). 1:15 - We, as Blacks, we don’t have a whole lot of land left in our generation gap. And if the ones who got land and stuff, if they could do something with it besides trying to sell it and get money. Try to pass it on and help somebody with it. You know? Don’t try to sell this and sell this cause like I said they not making no more land. They’ll make all of the money you want. 1:43 - To me, after I look at things and I think about the older way of doing things and that’s the only way that we are going to be able to survive out here. Is to work with each other, not by trying to work against each other. 1:56 - Just like this land out here. The white man came to me when I got ready to let the Church (Conetoe Family Life Center) take it over, they wanted to know why I would do that; why I didn’t let them have it. 2:08 - So, I went on and told him. I told him like this here - “don’t y’all think y’all got enough?”. I told him I think the land was in the right place. Go back to where it came from. It came from the Lord, God, Jesus Christ, go back to him. I said you don’t own the land that you got there. You don’t own that. (2:27) *transition* 2:28 - My name is Richard Earl Joyner. I am 66 years old. My role with farming goes back to my childhood. 2:39 - I grew up as a sharecropper’s son. If it wasn’t for the garden that my mom put together, then we could not eat. Because the person was not paying my father enough money to put food on the table for his family. But they were wise enough to grow everything they needed. That’s what I take from my parents. 3:00 - When the growth of food has more seriousness and deserves a place on the plate where it is there for sustainability of human beings. And then a place in human reinvestment back into the area where it is being produced in without an individual owning it. *transition* 3:25 - So our goal is no home is hungry. No child, in this area, can be at home and have a food deficit because these fields produce more produce than 200 families need. 3:55 - And so, because of how devastating this past of trauma has been to our community, we know that this is like 10 years for us. We know that we are moving to a sustainability model. And one of them was that we would move from a charity model to a justice model. 4:25 - This summer, our supported agriculture (CSA), has been up to the level where the CSA sustains our summer camp. Which means every child in the summer camp is paying for their summer camp and it is paying for everything they need for back to school. (4:53) 4:55 - So, I came into Ministry through a servant lens. Through a sacrificial-servant lens, not an economic lens. And so I know I am still sticking with the social-sacrificial lens. I think that as more of us do that, we’ll see these farms like this really increase. *end*

“The law of capitalism destroys farmers.” S.M. Ėjzenštejn

Necroecology, as defined by Gautam B. Thakur, explains how relations between the Colonized, Colonizer, and nonhuman are always in a “state of death and dying”. That all colonial ecologies foster rotten environments which lock the living in a decomposing limbo. Given the blatant exploitation of Black and Brown (migrant) workers and of the land itself, the modern-day industrial agriculture complex only functions to generate profit and not the sustainability of all people, the monoculture farm is a prime example of a necroecology.

As Vincent Woodard reminds us in their book, The Delectable Negro: Human Consumption and Homoeroticism Within US Slave Culture, it was always in the economic interest of the capitalist, planter class to starve the Enslaved. This same starvation of the Black and Brown working-class continues today, but in the form of food apartheid.

In Conetoe, North Carolina, the closest grocery store is over 10 miles away. However, in this town, there exists a faith network that champions the social, physical, and spiritual health of its constituents. The Conetoe Family Life Center (CFLC) operates as a Missionary Baptist church on Sunday mornings, but during the summer, it functions as a youth summer camp and community farm. This 25-acre farm where “sustainable human development” blossoms is less than a mile away from the church and is jointly maintained by the Vines family and CFLC. This unique, joint ownership situates the land so that it is not owned by a single entity; rather, it is operated by the community members and governed by God. It is here where they grow such foods like corn, watermelon, sweet potatoes, cantaloupe, various peppers, cabbage collards, field peas, okra, summer squash, zucchini, tomatoes, figs, blueberries, white potatoes, eggplant, cucumbers, and pumpkins. All of the produce grown here is redistributed back into the community by way of Conetoe Chapel, the Edgecombe County School System, and Vidant Medical Center located in Greenville, NC.

The summer camp aims to feed and foster a group of students who would safeguard the agricultural wisdom passed down from previous generations. Such skills include beekeeping, transplanting of crops, teamwork, perseverance, time management, and critical thinking. Because of its anti-capitalistic framework, the students also learn the importance of mutual aid, collectivism, and polyculture.

 

Additional Reading

Brones, Anna. “Karen Washington: It’s Not a Food Desert, It’s Food Apartheid.” Guernica, 10 May 2018, https://www.guernicamag.com/karen-washington-its-not-a-food-desert-its-food-apartheid/.

Ėjzenštejn, Sergej M. The Psychology of Composition. Methuen, 1944., pg. 4, 1944.

Marx, Karl. “Chapter 47. Genesis of Capitalist Ground-Rent.” Economic Manuscripts: Capital, Vol.3, Chapter 47.

Penniman, Leah, and Karen Washington. Farming While Black: Soul Fire Farms Practical Guide to Liberation on the Land. Chelsea Green Publishing, 2018.

Thakur, Gautam Basu. “Necroecology: Undead, Dead, and Dying on the Limits of the Colony.” Victorian Studies, vol. 58 no. 2, 2016, pp. 202-212. Project MUSE, muse.jhu.edu/article/622133.

Woodard, Vincent, et al. The Delectable Negro: Human Consumption and Homoeroticism within U.S. Slave Culture. New York Univ. Press, 2014.

Project Contributors

Erik Patton-Sharpe

Erik Patton-Sharpe

BA Candidate, Black Studies and Environmental Science

Erik Patton-Sharpe was born and raised in Wilson, North Carolina. He is a fourth year student double majoring in Black Studies and Environmental Science; minoring in Religious Studies. He enjoys studying the many shared connections between African spirituality and environmentalism, including ethnobotany, food sovereignty, and ecospirituality.  

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